_maceration_, _absorption_, or _enfleurage_ for flowers, by
_tincturation_ for roots, and by _distillation_ for seeds, modified
under certain circumstances. There are, however, three other important
derivative odors--ambergris, civet, and musk--which, being from the
animal kingdom, are treated separately from plant odors, in order, it is
considered, to render the whole matter less confused to manufacturers
who may refer to them. Ammonia and acetic acid, holding an indefinite
position in the order we have laid down, may also come in here without
much criticism, being considered as primitive odors. On terminating our
remarks relating to the simple preparations of the odors of plants, and
before we speak of perfumes of an animal origin, or of those compound
_odors_ sold as bouquets, nosegays, &c., it may probably be interesting
to give a few facts and statistics, showing the consumption, in England,
of the several substances previously named. QUANTITIES OF ESSENTIAL
OILS, OR OTTOS, PAYING 1_S._ PER POUND DUTY, ENTERED FOR HOME
CONSUMPTION IN THE YEAR 1852. lbs. Otto of bergamot, 28,574 " caraway,
3,602 " cassia, 6,163 " cloves, 595 Otto of lavender, 12,776 " lemon,
67,348 " peppermint, 16,059 " roses, 1,268 " spearmint, 163 " thyme,
11,418 " lemon grass, } " citronella, } 47,380 And other ottos not
otherwise described, } ------- Total essential oils or ottos imported in
one year, 195,346 at the duty of 1_s._ per pound, yield a revenue
annually of 9,766_l._ 16_s._ It would appear by the above return that
our consumption of otto of cloves was exceedingly small; whereas it is
probably ten times that amount. The fact is, several of the English
wholesale druggists are very large distillers of this otto, leaving
little or no room for the sale and importation of foreign distilled otto
of cloves. Again, otto of caraway, the English production of that
article is quite equal to the foreign; also, otto of lavender, which is
drawn in this country probably to the extent of 6000 lbs. annually.
There were also passed through the Custom House for home consumption, in
1852-- Pomatums, procured by enfleurage, maceration, &c., commonly
called "French Pomatums," average value of 6_s._ per pound, and paying a
duty of 1_s._ per pound, valued by the importers at L1,306 Perfumery not
otherwise described; value L1,920 Number of bottles of eau de Cologne,
paying a duty of 1_s._ each,[D] 19,777 Revenue from eau de Cologne
manufactured out of England, say 20,000 flacons at 8_d._ = 8,000_l.